GEAR APPLICATION GUIDE · BEVEL GEAR · B10

Custom OEM Bevel Gear Manufacturing:
Non-Standard Ratios, Special Materials and Complete Design-to-Delivery Service

The majority of bevel gear applications — from power tool angle drives to agricultural implement drives and automotive differentials — can be served by catalogue bevel gears at standard ratios and modules. But a significant proportion of industrial, agricultural, and specialty machine designs require bevel gears that deviate from catalogue standards in ways that cannot be accommodated by modification of standard parts: non-standard shaft angles (not 90°), proprietary ratios dictated by the machine’s kinematic design, special materials for corrosion or temperature resistance, non-standard bore configurations, or dimensional envelopes that cannot accommodate any catalogue size. This guide covers Korea Ever-Power’s complete custom bevel gear manufacturing service — from specification through design calculation, material selection, manufacturing, and quality documentation.

Any Material · Any Ratio · M1–M20 · DIN 4–9
Non-Std Shaft Angle · Gleason · Klingelnberg
OEM · Replacement · Reverse Engineer · Low Volume

MODULE RANGE

M1 – M20

Korea Ever-Power custom bevel gear manufacturing module range. M1–M2: micro-bevel for instruments, robotics, surgical devices. M2–M6: general industrial OEM. M6–M12: heavy industrial, agricultural, marine. M12–M20: mining, large-machine, ship steering. Straight and spiral bevel at all modules; hypoid at M4–M14

RATIO RANGE

1:1 – 8:1

Practical bevel gear ratio range for custom OEM. 1:1 miter: most common custom request (direction change, no speed change). 1.5:1–3:1: common in agricultural implements and power tools. 3:1–6:1: heavy industrial right-angle reducers. Above 8:1: worm or helical-bevel is more efficient — Korea Ever-Power will advise alternative if bevel is specified above this ratio

SHAFT ANGLE

10° – 170°

Custom bevel gear shaft angle range. Standard 90° is most common. Non-standard angles most frequently requested: 45° (direction reversal in small angle), 60°, 75°, 120°, 135°. Applications: non-orthogonal conveyor deflectors, machine tool special cross-slides, ship steering gear geometry constraints, PTO drive-line angles on articulated tractors

LEAD TIME

12 – 35 days

Korea Ever-Power custom bevel gear lead time from drawing confirmation. M1–M4 straight or spiral bevel: 12–18 days. M4–M8 spiral bevel with heat treatment: 18–25 days. M8–M14 with forged blank, carburizing, and grinding: 25–35 days. M14–M20 large bevel: 35–50 days. Prototype expedite (2× standard price): available for most sizes at 60% of normal lead time

Custom Bevel Gear Design Service — From Specification to Delivery

The majority of custom bevel gear enquiries that Korea Ever-Power receives fall into one of three categories: new OEM designs where the machine designer has a known shaft angle, ratio, and torque requirement but no existing bevel gear drawing; replacement programmes where the original OEM bevel gear is discontinued or the drawing is unavailable and a reverse-engineered replacement must be manufactured to a worn gear’s dimensions; and upgrade programmes where an existing bevel gear design is to be improved in material, quality class, or surface hardness to extend service life or increase load capacity. Each category requires a different engagement approach and documentation input, but all share the same manufacturing capability at Korea Ever-Power — CNC spiral bevel cutting by both the Gleason face-milling process (dominant for automotive, PTO, and general industrial ratios above 1.5:1) and the Klingelnberg cyclo-palloid continuous indexing process (preferred for miter gears and precision small-module robotics bevel gears).

Korea Ever-Power’s custom bevel gear OEM service begins with the application engineering (AE) review — a free technical evaluation of the customer’s application data (shaft angle, ratio, input torque, output speed, duty cycle, environment, and material constraints) that produces a recommended bevel gear specification within 5–7 working days. The AE review output includes the proposed module, tooth count (driver and driven), face module, mean pitch diameter, face width, helix angle (for spiral bevel), material and heat treatment, quality class, and the calculated safety factors S_F (bending) and S_H (contact) at the rated and peak torque conditions. The customer reviews the AE specification, raises any questions or modifications, and approves it before Korea Ever-Power proceeds to the drawing preparation and manufacturing quotation. This AE-first approach prevents the most common custom bevel gear project failures — the customer discovering after manufacture that the gear does not fit the housing (because the pitch cone geometry was not checked against the housing drawing), or that the gear cannot carry the required load at the specified size (because the material or module selection was optimistic).

Reverse engineering of bevel gears — manufacturing a replacement bevel gear to the dimensions of a worn or failed gear where the original drawing is unavailable — requires a systematic measurement procedure that correctly identifies all the geometric parameters of the original gear. The most common measurement errors in bevel gear reverse engineering occur in two areas: identifying whether the original gear is Gleason system (with profile-shifted, non-generated straight bevel or Gleason-system spiral bevel geometry) or DIN/Klingelnberg system (with equivalent-spur involute tooth form and cyclo-palloid cutting), and calculating the correct pitch apex (the theoretical point where the gear pair axes intersect) from the measured gear dimensions. An incorrectly identified system results in replacement gears that have the correct tooth count, module, and outer diameter but whose tooth surface geometry does not match the original — producing a poor contact pattern and rapid tooth surface wear when the replacement gear is meshed with the original mating gear that was not replaced. Korea Ever-Power’s reverse engineering procedure for bevel gears includes a tooth form identification step using over-pin measurement comparison between the measured values and the theoretical values for both Gleason and Klingelnberg tooth systems at the measured module and tooth count — the system that produces the smaller deviation between measured and theoretical over-pin dimension is selected as the original standard.

forged custom bevel gear OEM manufacturing Korea Ever-Power
Korea Ever-Power forged 20CrMnTi custom spiral bevel gear pair — M8, ratio 3:1 (16T pinion, 48T wheel), 90° shaft angle, helix angle 35° (Gleason system, left-hand spiral), carburized HRC 60–62, DIN 6 ground. Manufactured for a heavy agricultural implement drive (combine harvester header angle drive) as a custom OEM supply for a European agricultural machinery manufacturer, replacing a discontinued Gleason-pattern gear pair previously sourced from an Italian gear house. The reverse engineering process identified the original Gleason system from over-pin measurement comparison (vs Klingelnberg system) with a measurement agreement of ±0.008 mm — within the measurement uncertainty of the worn original gear. Contact pattern verified against the original housing at 50% rated torque before series production approval — the contact pattern match confirmed the reversed geometry is functionally equivalent to the original Gleason cutting specification.

Custom Bevel Gear Material and Quality Class Selection

Standard Industrial OEM (M4–M12)

Material: 20CrMnTi case carburized (pinion) + 20CrMnTi or 42CrMo4 QT (wheel). Quality class: DIN 7 for ratio 2:1–6:1 at PLV below 5 m/s; DIN 6 for PLV 5–12 m/s or where noise below 75 dB(A) is specified. Applications: conveyor right-angle drives, agricultural PTO drives, pump right-angle drives, industrial gearbox input stages. Heat treatment: carburize pinion to HRC 60–62, wheel to 42CrMo4 QT HB 300–340 — the differential hardness pair promotes progressive run-in and extends paired life beyond same-material pairs. Most common Korea Ever-Power custom bevel specification by volume.

Lead time 15–25 days · MOQ 1 pair

Precision Robotics / CNC (M1–M4)

Material: 20CrMnTi carburized (standard) or 17-4 PH stainless (food, medical, cleanroom). Quality class: DIN 5 for all robotics applications; DIN 6 for CNC ATC and machine tool auxiliary. Klingelnberg cyclo-palloid process for M1–M2.5 (superior tooth form accuracy at small module compared to Gleason face-milling). 100% transmission error (TE) measurement for DIN 5 gears. Matched pair certification including tooth thickness measurement, contact pattern at 3 load levels, and axial thrust direction document for robot joint integration. Highest technical specification bevel gear product in Korea Ever-Power range.

Lead time 18–28 days · MOQ 2 pairs

Special Materials — Stainless, Bronze, Titanium

316L stainless: food, marine, chemical. 17-4 PH stainless: food and medical with moderate load. Phosphor bronze CuSn8: ATEX Zone 1, marine instrument, low-duty non-sparking. Duplex stainless 2205: offshore, seawater immersion. Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): aerospace and racing, minimum mass — machined not forged for bevel gear application. Hastelloy C276: chemical plant severe acid service at low load. POM Delrin: instrument and control bevel gears at very light duty. Quote each material on request — material availability, machining difficulty, and lead time vary significantly. Not all materials are appropriate for all tooth forms: titanium bevel gears are straight bevel only at Korea Ever-Power (spiral bevel cutting tool compatibility limitation).

Lead time by material · enquiry required

Korea Ever-Power custom bevel gear OEM manufacturing quality inspection
Korea Ever-Power custom bevel gear manufacturing and inspection facility — Gleason CNC spiral bevel cutting machine (foreground) and contact pattern testing station (background). The contact pattern verification step is mandatory for all custom bevel gear pairs before shipment — the assembled pair is placed in a V-block testing fixture that replicates the nominal shaft angle and mounting distance of the customer’s housing, blue marking applied to the wheel teeth, and the pair rotated under increasing load from 0 to 75% rated torque. The contact pattern photographs at each load level are included in the shipment documentation — this allows the customer to verify at assembly that the contact pattern in their machine matches the pattern from the Korea Ever-Power test fixture, confirming the housing geometry is within the tolerance assumed in the gear design. If the contact pattern in the customer’s machine does not match the test fixture pattern, Korea Ever-Power’s application engineering team assists with diagnosing the housing geometry deviation and recommending the mounting distance adjustment that will restore the correct pattern.
types of bevel gears custom OEM Korea Ever-Power range
Korea Ever-Power bevel gear type reference — straight bevel, spiral bevel, and hypoid gear forms available as custom OEM manufacture. The selection between tooth forms follows a clear engineering logic: straight bevel for PLV below 2 m/s and where the manufacturing cost premium of spiral bevel is not justified by the performance difference; spiral bevel for PLV 2–20 m/s and applications requiring <75 dB(A) noise; hypoid (offset axis) for automotive differential applications where the lower propeller shaft tunnel height is required. All three forms are available from Korea Ever-Power for custom OEM quantities from 1 prototype pair to 150,000 pairs per year — the design calculation, drawing, and contact pattern verification service is the same for all tooth forms. The most common custom OEM requests combine tooth form with non-standard shaft angle or ratio: a spiral bevel pair at 75° shaft angle and ratio 2.3:1, for example, is a specification that no catalogue can provide and that Korea Ever-Power designs and manufactures as a standard custom project within the 18–25 day lead time for this size and material.

Frequently Asked Questions — Custom OEM Bevel Gears

Q 01

We need a bevel gear pair at a non-standard shaft angle of 75° with a ratio of 2.5:1. How do we calculate and specify this, and can Korea Ever-Power manufacture it?

Non-standard shaft angle bevel gear design is straightforward geometrically but requires care in specifying the pitch cone angles. For shaft angle Σ = 75° and ratio i = 2.5:1 (z₂/z₁ = 2.5): the pitch cone angles are calculated from: tan(δ₁) = sin(Σ) / (i + cos(Σ)) = sin(75°) / (2.5 + cos(75°)) = 0.9659 / (2.5 + 0.2588) = 0.9659 / 2.7588 = 0.3502, giving δ₁ = 19.3° (pinion pitch cone angle). δ₂ = Σ − δ₁ = 75° − 19.3° = 55.7° (wheel pitch cone angle). The remaining design parameters (module selection from the ISO 6336 bevel gear strength calculation, face width, tooth count, helix angle if spiral bevel) follow the same procedure as for 90° bevel gears once the pitch cone angles are established. Korea Ever-Power can design and manufacture this gear pair from the application data (torque, speed, duty cycle, material constraint) — provide the shaft angle, ratio, and the torque and speed of the faster (pinion) shaft, and Korea Ever-Power will complete the design calculation and provide a dimensional drawing for customer approval before manufacture. Lead time after drawing approval: 18–25 days for M4–M8 spiral bevel in 20CrMnTi. Non-standard shaft angles add no manufacturing difficulty for spiral bevel gears on CNC gear-cutting machines — the pitch cone angle is a programmed parameter, not a physical machine setting that requires hardware change.

Q 02

Our production volumes are low — only 50 bevel gear pairs per year for a specialist machine. Is custom manufacturing viable at this volume, or should we look at modifying a catalogue bevel gear?

50 pairs per year (100 gears) is a viable volume for Korea Ever-Power custom bevel gear manufacturing — this volume is above the minimum that allows the setup cost to be amortised to a commercially reasonable per-piece price, and below the threshold where high-volume production tooling (dedicated cutting and grinding fixtures) would be justified. The practical comparison between custom manufacture and catalogue modification for 50 pairs/year: (1) Catalogue modification (bore the catalogue gear to a custom bore size, add keyway, modify the OD): viable if the ratio and module of a catalogue gear match your requirement and only the bore/keyway differs. Catalogue bevel gears are available in limited ratio/module combinations — if your requirement is an uncommon ratio (e.g. 2.3:1) or an unusual module (e.g. M7), no catalogue gear will match, making modification impossible. (2) Custom manufacture from blank: viable for any ratio, module, and shaft angle. At 50 pairs/year, Korea Ever-Power amortises the CNC setup over 50 parts — for M5 spiral bevel at 50 pairs/year, the setup cost represents approximately €8–15 per pair, which is a small fraction of the total gear price. Korea Ever-Power offers open pricing transparency for low-volume custom bevel OEM: the quotation breaks down the material cost, machining cost, heat treatment cost, quality inspection cost, and setup amortisation separately — the customer sees exactly what each element costs and can make an informed decision. For volumes below 20 pairs/year, prototype pricing applies (setup not amortised, higher per-piece price) — at which point catalogue modification becomes more cost-competitive if any catalogue option is dimensionally compatible.

Q 03

What information must I provide to Korea Ever-Power to start a custom bevel gear project, and what is the process from first contact to first delivery?

The minimum information required to start a custom bevel gear project at Korea Ever-Power: (1) Application description: what machine/equipment the gear will be used in, what it drives, and what the operational environment is (temperature range, exposure to moisture or chemicals, cleanroom or food zone requirements). (2) Shaft angle: the angle between the input and output shaft axes (90° for a standard right-angle drive, or specify the non-standard angle if applicable). (3) Ratio: the required speed ratio (input speed ÷ output speed). If the ratio is not precisely defined, provide the input and output speeds separately. (4) Input shaft torque and speed: the maximum continuous torque (Nm) and speed (RPM) at the driving pinion shaft, and the peak or starting torque if it exceeds the continuous torque by more than 50%. (5) Dimensional constraint (if any): maximum OD, maximum face width, or mounting distance between gear centres, if the housing has a fixed geometry that the gear must fit. If no dimensional constraint exists, Korea Ever-Power designs the optimal gear size from the torque and speed data. Process after enquiry receipt: (a) Korea Ever-Power acknowledges within 24 hours and requests any missing data. (b) Application engineering review: 5–7 working days — produces a recommended specification and preliminary gear drawing. (c) Customer review and approval of the specification. (d) Quotation: issued simultaneously with the specification. (e) Order confirmation: customer issues purchase order against the quotation. (f) Manufacturing: commences on receipt of order confirmation and drawing approval — lead time as stated in the specification. (g) Quality inspection and contact pattern test. (h) Documentation package assembly. (i) Shipment with full documentation. Korea Ever-Power assigns a dedicated project engineer to each custom bevel gear project — the customer has a single named contact from enquiry to delivery.

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Need Custom OEM Bevel Gears?

Korea Ever-Power manufactures custom bevel gears for any application — M1–M20, shaft angles 10°–170°, ratios 1:1–8:1, straight and spiral bevel, Gleason and Klingelnberg systems. Materials: 20CrMnTi, 42CrMo4, 316L stainless, 17-4 PH, phosphor bronze, duplex stainless, titanium. New OEM design, reverse engineering, and upgrade services. Free application engineering review. Contact pattern certification. From 1 pair prototype to 150,000 pieces/year volume supply. ISO 9001:2015 certified.

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